In the early 20th century, the Jouve family acquired the former Hôtel-Dieu hospital, abandoned in favor of a new hospital, with the idea of ??turning it into a museum.
In 1912, Marie-Thérèse Jouve, the youngest of the family, imagined the creation of a museum dedicated to local archaeology. The museum was officially created in 1946 by André Dumoulin, the first curator of the Cavaillon museums.
Property of the Calvet Foundation since 1937 and listed as a Historic Monument, the building houses the Archaeological Museum of the Hôtel-Dieu (Museum of France) which presents collections from the territory of Cavaillon from prehistory to the modern period.